Required Withholding Period for Vine Leaves Following Spraying with Pesticide

Britt Marianna Maestroni; Iyad Ghanem; Raymond Correll; Amer Abu Alnaser; Marivil Islam; Veronica Cesio; Horacio Heinzen; Andrew Cannavan

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jher.20180404.14

Required Withholding Period for Vine Leaves Following Spraying with Pesticide

Britt Marianna Maestroni, Iyad Ghanem, Raymond Correll, Amer Abu Alnaser, Marivil Islam, Veronica Cesio, Horacio Heinzen, Andrew Cannavan

Published in Journal of Health and Environmental Research (Volume 4, Issue 4)

Received: 25 October 2018 Accepted: 10 November 2018 Published: 17 December 2018

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Abstract

Vine leaves are consumed in many countries but little attention is paid to the residues left on them after the application of pesticides that help prevent pests and protect the grapes, the economically important target. Therefore, it is of outmost importance to study the dissipation of the pesticides applied to this crop to protect the consumers that also eat vine leaves. Dissipation kinetics of chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, diazinon and dimethoate residues were studied in vine leaves grown under sunny conditions in Syria, using an ethyl acetate based sample preparation followed by GC-MS/MS determination. The dissipation rate for all doses applied followed first-order kinetics, with half-lives in grape leaves in the range of 2.9 – 3.9 days. At the recommended application dose, a withholding period of 8.9-37.1 days before consumption should be applied to meet current MRLs and minimise risks to consumers. The effectiveness in the reduction of pesticide loads in vine leaves through washing with either cold or hot water was dependant on the physicochemical properties of the studied pesticides. Hot water washing was very effective for dimethoate, a polar and water-soluble pesticide, with an effective reduction of 92% of the residue level; but no significant effect was observed for chlorpyrifos, the most apolar compound in this study.

Published in	Journal of Health and Environmental Research (Volume 4, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.jher.20180404.14
Page(s)	140-152
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Vine Leaves, Dissipation Kinetics, Half-Life, Withholding Period

References

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APA Style

Britt Marianna Maestroni, Iyad Ghanem, Raymond Correll, Amer Abu Alnaser, Marivil Islam, et al. (2018). Required Withholding Period for Vine Leaves Following Spraying with Pesticide. Journal of Health and Environmental Research, 4(4), 140-152. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20180404.14

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ACS Style

Britt Marianna Maestroni; Iyad Ghanem; Raymond Correll; Amer Abu Alnaser; Marivil Islam, et al. Required Withholding Period for Vine Leaves Following Spraying with Pesticide. J. Health Environ. Res. 2018, 4(4), 140-152. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20180404.14

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AMA Style

Britt Marianna Maestroni, Iyad Ghanem, Raymond Correll, Amer Abu Alnaser, Marivil Islam, et al. Required Withholding Period for Vine Leaves Following Spraying with Pesticide. J Health Environ Res. 2018;4(4):140-152. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20180404.14

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@article{10.11648/j.jher.20180404.14,
  author = {Britt Marianna Maestroni and Iyad Ghanem and Raymond Correll and Amer Abu Alnaser and Marivil Islam and Veronica Cesio and Horacio Heinzen and Andrew Cannavan},
  title = {Required Withholding Period for Vine Leaves Following Spraying with Pesticide},
  journal = {Journal of Health and Environmental Research},
  volume = {4},
  number = {4},
  pages = {140-152},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jher.20180404.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20180404.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jher.20180404.14},
  abstract = {Vine leaves are consumed in many countries but little attention is paid to the residues left on them after the application of pesticides that help prevent pests and protect the grapes, the economically important target. Therefore, it is of outmost importance to study the dissipation of the pesticides applied to this crop to protect the consumers that also eat vine leaves. Dissipation kinetics of chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, diazinon and dimethoate residues were studied in vine leaves grown under sunny conditions in Syria, using an ethyl acetate based sample preparation followed by GC-MS/MS determination. The dissipation rate for all doses applied followed first-order kinetics, with half-lives in grape leaves in the range of 2.9 – 3.9 days. At the recommended application dose, a withholding period of 8.9-37.1 days before consumption should be applied to meet current MRLs and minimise risks to consumers. The effectiveness in the reduction of pesticide loads in vine leaves through washing with either cold or hot water was dependant on the physicochemical properties of the studied pesticides. Hot water washing was very effective for dimethoate, a polar and water-soluble pesticide, with an effective reduction of 92% of the residue level; but no significant effect was observed for chlorpyrifos, the most apolar compound in this study.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Required Withholding Period for Vine Leaves Following Spraying with Pesticide
AU  - Britt Marianna Maestroni
AU  - Iyad Ghanem
AU  - Raymond Correll
AU  - Amer Abu Alnaser
AU  - Marivil Islam
AU  - Veronica Cesio
AU  - Horacio Heinzen
AU  - Andrew Cannavan
Y1  - 2018/12/17
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20180404.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.jher.20180404.14
T2  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JF  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JO  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
SP  - 140
EP  - 152
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-3592
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20180404.14
AB  - Vine leaves are consumed in many countries but little attention is paid to the residues left on them after the application of pesticides that help prevent pests and protect the grapes, the economically important target. Therefore, it is of outmost importance to study the dissipation of the pesticides applied to this crop to protect the consumers that also eat vine leaves. Dissipation kinetics of chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, diazinon and dimethoate residues were studied in vine leaves grown under sunny conditions in Syria, using an ethyl acetate based sample preparation followed by GC-MS/MS determination. The dissipation rate for all doses applied followed first-order kinetics, with half-lives in grape leaves in the range of 2.9 – 3.9 days. At the recommended application dose, a withholding period of 8.9-37.1 days before consumption should be applied to meet current MRLs and minimise risks to consumers. The effectiveness in the reduction of pesticide loads in vine leaves through washing with either cold or hot water was dependant on the physicochemical properties of the studied pesticides. Hot water washing was very effective for dimethoate, a polar and water-soluble pesticide, with an effective reduction of 92% of the residue level; but no significant effect was observed for chlorpyrifos, the most apolar compound in this study.
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Britt Marianna Maestroni

Food and Environmental Protection Laboratory, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
Iyad Ghanem

Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Syrian Arab Republic Atomic Energy Commission, Damascus, Syria
Raymond Correll

Biometry Hub, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
Amer Abu Alnaser

Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Syrian Arab Republic Atomic Energy Commission, Damascus, Syria
Marivil Islam

Food and Environmental Protection Laboratory, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
Veronica Cesio

Grupo Analysis Contaminantes Trazas, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
Horacio Heinzen

Grupo Analysis Contaminantes Trazas, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
Andrew Cannavan

Food and Environmental Protection Laboratory, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria

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APA Style

Britt Marianna Maestroni, Iyad Ghanem, Raymond Correll, Amer Abu Alnaser, Marivil Islam, et al. (2018). Required Withholding Period for Vine Leaves Following Spraying with Pesticide. Journal of Health and Environmental Research, 4(4), 140-152. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20180404.14

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ACS Style

Britt Marianna Maestroni; Iyad Ghanem; Raymond Correll; Amer Abu Alnaser; Marivil Islam, et al. Required Withholding Period for Vine Leaves Following Spraying with Pesticide. J. Health Environ. Res. 2018, 4(4), 140-152. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20180404.14

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AMA Style

Britt Marianna Maestroni, Iyad Ghanem, Raymond Correll, Amer Abu Alnaser, Marivil Islam, et al. Required Withholding Period for Vine Leaves Following Spraying with Pesticide. J Health Environ Res. 2018;4(4):140-152. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20180404.14

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@article{10.11648/j.jher.20180404.14,
  author = {Britt Marianna Maestroni and Iyad Ghanem and Raymond Correll and Amer Abu Alnaser and Marivil Islam and Veronica Cesio and Horacio Heinzen and Andrew Cannavan},
  title = {Required Withholding Period for Vine Leaves Following Spraying with Pesticide},
  journal = {Journal of Health and Environmental Research},
  volume = {4},
  number = {4},
  pages = {140-152},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jher.20180404.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20180404.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jher.20180404.14},
  abstract = {Vine leaves are consumed in many countries but little attention is paid to the residues left on them after the application of pesticides that help prevent pests and protect the grapes, the economically important target. Therefore, it is of outmost importance to study the dissipation of the pesticides applied to this crop to protect the consumers that also eat vine leaves. Dissipation kinetics of chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, diazinon and dimethoate residues were studied in vine leaves grown under sunny conditions in Syria, using an ethyl acetate based sample preparation followed by GC-MS/MS determination. The dissipation rate for all doses applied followed first-order kinetics, with half-lives in grape leaves in the range of 2.9 – 3.9 days. At the recommended application dose, a withholding period of 8.9-37.1 days before consumption should be applied to meet current MRLs and minimise risks to consumers. The effectiveness in the reduction of pesticide loads in vine leaves through washing with either cold or hot water was dependant on the physicochemical properties of the studied pesticides. Hot water washing was very effective for dimethoate, a polar and water-soluble pesticide, with an effective reduction of 92% of the residue level; but no significant effect was observed for chlorpyrifos, the most apolar compound in this study.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Required Withholding Period for Vine Leaves Following Spraying with Pesticide
AU  - Britt Marianna Maestroni
AU  - Iyad Ghanem
AU  - Raymond Correll
AU  - Amer Abu Alnaser
AU  - Marivil Islam
AU  - Veronica Cesio
AU  - Horacio Heinzen
AU  - Andrew Cannavan
Y1  - 2018/12/17
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20180404.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.jher.20180404.14
T2  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JF  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JO  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
SP  - 140
EP  - 152
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-3592
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20180404.14
AB  - Vine leaves are consumed in many countries but little attention is paid to the residues left on them after the application of pesticides that help prevent pests and protect the grapes, the economically important target. Therefore, it is of outmost importance to study the dissipation of the pesticides applied to this crop to protect the consumers that also eat vine leaves. Dissipation kinetics of chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, diazinon and dimethoate residues were studied in vine leaves grown under sunny conditions in Syria, using an ethyl acetate based sample preparation followed by GC-MS/MS determination. The dissipation rate for all doses applied followed first-order kinetics, with half-lives in grape leaves in the range of 2.9 – 3.9 days. At the recommended application dose, a withholding period of 8.9-37.1 days before consumption should be applied to meet current MRLs and minimise risks to consumers. The effectiveness in the reduction of pesticide loads in vine leaves through washing with either cold or hot water was dependant on the physicochemical properties of the studied pesticides. Hot water washing was very effective for dimethoate, a polar and water-soluble pesticide, with an effective reduction of 92% of the residue level; but no significant effect was observed for chlorpyrifos, the most apolar compound in this study.
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
ER  -

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